Use of Scrap Marine Pipelines as Submerged Breakwaters

A submerged breakwater is an immersed structure used for coastal and wave protection.
Submerged breakwaters are suitable to be used for coastal protection due to their
aesthetical value in which they preserve the natural view of coastal as compared to
conventional emerged breakwaters. In this study, the concept of pipes submerged
breakwater is introduced. The study aims to develop submerged breakwaters of different
configurations using a series of hollow pipes of different diameters, and to compare their
wave transmission abilities with the aid of physical modelling. The wave attenuation of
the best configuration was selected and investigated with fabric covered and non-fabric
covered submerged breakwaters with respect to relative submergence and wave steepness