ZOOMOUT GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION SERVICE (ZGLS): A FLAT QUORUM-BASED AND RELIABLE LOCATION MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL FOR VANETs

By using position-based routing in VANET, a vehicle makes forwarding decision
based on the geographic position of destination and single-hop neighbours. The
position of a destination is obtained through location service, while the positions of
single-hop neighbours are obtained through neighbour discovery. Location service is
a process where a destination sends its location updates towards location server
vehicles through hop-by-hop forwarding, and a source obtains this information from
such location servers through location query. Neighbour discovery is a process where
a vehicle advertises its position to all neighbours within a broadcast range. In many
cases, adaptive neighbour discovery schemes are more suitable, but they suffer from
high channel load and stale neighbour information.