Development of Tire Pressure Monitoring System Using Vibration Energy Focusing on Electromagnetic Energy Harvester

Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) is a module that provides real-time
information regarding the air pressure inside the tire to the driver and also will give a
warning signal to the driver if the air pressure inside the tires falls below the
recommended tire air pressure value. TPMS usually consists of wireless sensors also
known as the transmitter which are installed in each tire of a vehicle and the receiver
that is the user interface that is placed inside the vehicle for the driver to view.
Furthermore, an average TPMS module utilizes a battery to power the module,
however, the drawback of using the battery is the limited life span of the battery and
the high cost for the battery replacement. On the other hand, energy harvesting is a
process where electrical energy is generated from external ambient energy. The
electromagnetic energy harvesting method is considered to be the most suitable for
powering the TPMS module because the electromagnetic energy harvester has a good
energy density, high reliability and can withstand the harsh surrounding that occurs
inside the tire which includes the high temperature and high-pressure environment.