Automatic Battery Monitoring System (Bms) In Photovoltaic (Pv) Application

The main idea of this project is constructing an automatic battery monitoring system
used in photovoltaic application. The sustainability of solar energy has been a problem as the
load demand is not proportional to solar radiation. Due to that, in photovoltaic application,
storage is an important element in order to maintain the sustainability of energy supply, and
at the same time making the PV system reliable for residential usage. The storage element
needs to be monitored continuously so that any problem can be detected and it will not give
effect to the whole PV system. The monitoring system is made automatic, which means less
human supervision on the whole PV system. It is also cost-friendly, so that the focus of the
cost will be on the rest of the whole system only. This automatic battery monitoring system
comprises of 3 circuits: voltage monitoring circuit, current charging indication circuit, and
temperature alarm circuit. For voltage monitoring circuit, it monitor the battery for the
voltage range 10.1 V to 13.8 V as the normal voltage, while for the charging indication
circuit, it gives indication for any charging process from solar panel to battery. For the
temperature alarm circuit, it gives indication if the ambient temperature exceeds certain range
of temperature which can affect the lifetime of the battery.