Study on Compressibility of Gelled Waxy Crude Oil in Production Pipeline in Relation to Restart Flow

The problem of restart flow of gelled waxy crude oil is subject to various research in the petroleum production industries worldwide. The oil production pipeline in some rare circumstances are required to be shut down due to emergency, maintenance or other important reasons. During the shutdown period, the waxy crude oil starts to form gel-like structure inside the pipeline due to decrease in temperature to the surrounding seabed temperature which caused blockage to the pipeline. This requires the pipeline to be restarted to achieve flow for production. However, the current conventional equation of