PID CONTROLLER TUNING OF 3-PHASE SEPARATOR IN OIL & GAS INDUSTRY USING BACTERIA FORAGING OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM

In oil and gas industry, one of the most important stages in processing petroleum is separation. It can be classified by operating configuration such as vertical, horizontal and spherical or by its function which is 2-phase or 3-phase. In this paper, vertical 3-phase separator will be chosen and researched. 3-phase separator is used to separate water, oil and gas. Gas will be at the top, oil will be the middle layer and water will be at the bottom due to gravitational force and the density of the substance. The objective is to tune the PID controller controlling the level of the water in the separator. Outflow rate of the water from the bottom of the separator will be used to control the water level. Currently there are controlling methods namely PI control using trial and error method, PI control using Butterworth filter design method and IMC method. These methods were having quite high % overshoot and long settling time. So, this paper will introduce Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm (BFOA) in optimizing the parameters for PI control. BFOA mimics the behaviour of the bacteria in searching for highest food concentration which then modified to search the best parameters for the PID controller. BFOA will be able to find the best parameters compared with the conventional methods and show better performance than PI control using trial and error method, PI control using Butterworth filter design method or IMC method. BFOA will be studied and other existing conventional methods as well. Simulation will be done based on the mathematical model of the 3-phase separator.