One-Step Ammonia Using Magnetic Nano-catalyst

Ammonia production is a very energy and capital intensive industry as it requires
high temperature (400-500°C) and high pressure (150--300 bar) for its daily
operations. In order to overcome these drawbacks, application of magnetic nanocatalyst
with magnetic induction method is seen as an excellent solution. By
introducing nano-catalyst with the new concept of micro-reactor with magnetic field
induction applied, the catalytic activity can be induced and the yield can be enhanced.
The magneto-dynamic will be introduced in the ammonia production process in order
to replace the concept of thermodynamic in Haber Bosch which require the
production of ammonia at high temperature and high pressure. The nanocatalysts
have been reduced by using Temperature Reduction Method (TPR) and YIG
nanocatalyst has been reduced from Y3Fes012 to Y3Fe at 960°C temperature.
Hematite nanocatalyst has been reduced from Fez OJ to Fe metal at I 025°C
temperature while Manganese Oxide nanocatalyst has been reduced from MnO to Mn
metal at 470°C temperature. Besides, Manganese Zinc Ferrite nanocatalyst has been
reduced from MnosZnozFez04 to MnZnFe at 736°C temperature. The Y3Fe5012 (YIG)
catalyst with magnetic induction has been produced 242.56J.!mol/h.g-cat yield of
ammonia which is 95.88% much higher than ammonia synthesis without magnetic
induction (I OJ.!mol/h.g-cat). The ammonia yield with magnetic induction method at
temperature 0°C is 242.56J.!mole/h.g-cat which is 0.90% higher than synthesis at 25°C
temperature (240.4J.!mol/h.g-cat). Ammonia yield at 0.2Tesla is 249.04J.!mole/h.g-cat
which is higher than yield at O.!Tesla which is 242.56J.!mol/h.g-cat. It is proven that
as more magnetic field applied, more effective the catalytic activity will be as better
alignment of the electron spin of the catalyst occur and enhance the adsorption and
desorption process. Y3Fe50 12 (YIG) shows the best catalytic reaction followed by
Fe203 (Hematite) and MnO (Manganese Oxide). By this new route, synthesis of
ammonia at low temperature is realized and offers the ammonia producers a potential
contender in the market place.
Chapter I in this study will discuss about background of the study on current
scenario and history of ammonia production, problem statement and objectives and scope of the study. On chapter 2. the theory is been discussed especially about the
ammonia synthesis. ammonia feeds and products properties, followed by the
ammonia market data, the concept of energy. concept of thermodynamic on Haber
Bosch process. the concept of thermo-magnl'tic equilibrium reaction. the theory of
magnetic induction. Hemholtz coil. atom and magnetic tield. application of magnetic
nano-catalyst. catalytic reaction. Then. topic discussed is about the micro-reactor. and
last but not least about temperature programmed reduction (TPR). Next, the
methodology is described in chapter 3 whereas the subtopic is divided into design of
experiment which involved tour phases that are planning. screening. optimize and
verification. Next, sample preparation and sample testing is being discussed. Chapter
4 consists of result and discussion where the result of TPR and result of yield in
Experiment 1 to Experiment 8 percentage is calculated. l.ast but not least. conclusion
and recommendation is provided in Chapter 5.