MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES FOR CURVED ELECTRIC DIPOLE ANTENNA FOR HYDROCARBON EXPLORATION

Control source electromagnetic methods (CSEM) or sea bed logging (SBL) is one of the current techniques for exploration of hydrocarbon (HC) in offshore environment. This method uses an antenna with horizontal electric dipole (HED) as the source of electromagnetic waves (frequency range from 0.01 to 10 Hz), diffusing an alternating current and using array of stationery EM receivers for recording the resulting EM field. One of the main challenges of CSEM is the detection of deep HC target and shallow waters (< 500m) environment.