Optimization of Removal of Iron and Manganese from Groundwater using the samples from Chicha Plant, Kelantan

Groundwater is presently one of the major sources of water supply in Kelantan.
The problems with iron in water are mainly aesthetic. Iron gives water a sour,
metal taste, stains laundry, and food cooked in the water receives an
unappetizing colour.
This research is focused on removal of iron and manganese from groundwater.
The area of focus was mainly the Chicha Kelantan Groundwater plant. The
removal of ferrous iron (Fe (II)) and Mn in groundwater has been generally
achieved by simple aeration, or the addition of an oxidizing agent or the lime
treatment. Aeration has been shown to be very efficient in insolubilization of
ferrous iron at a pH level greater than 6.5 and maintaining iron concentration 0.3
mg/1. Also it is effective for maintaining concentration of 0.05 mg/1 for
manganese.
In this study, some of the removal methods were experimented in the Chicha and
in UTP such as aeration and coagulation with all complete results attached. It
can be concluded that coagulation, flocculation after aeration further decrease
the Fe and Mn concentrations in the water. Concentrations of Fe are low as 0.02
mg/1 and for Mn are 0.035 mg/1 which is a tremendous result. Although lime is not
recommended, sodium hypochlorite might be an ideal replacement for other
chemical additions. After hypo addition, concentrations of Fe are 7.95 mg/1 and
Mn is 13.2 mg/l considering very high dosage of Fe & Mn solution. It is effective
to reduce both Fe & Mn concentrations.